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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdem | om soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdet | ot soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋda | ok/ogeš soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdena | ona/ogə̑na soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdeda | oda/ogə̑da soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdat | ogə̑t soŋgə̑raŋde |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑šə̑m | šə̑m soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑š | ə̑š soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑šna | ə̑šna soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑šda | ə̑šda soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑št | ə̑št soŋgə̑raŋde |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdenam | soŋgə̑raŋden omə̑l |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdenat | soŋgə̑raŋden otə̑l |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋden | soŋgə̑raŋden ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdenna | soŋgə̑raŋden onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdenda | soŋgə̑raŋden odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdenə̑t | soŋgə̑raŋden ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdem ə̑l'e | om soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdet ə̑l'e | ot soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋda ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdem ulmaš | om soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdet ulmaš | ot soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋda ulmaš | ok/ogeš soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdat ulmaš | ogə̑t soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdenam ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋden omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdenat ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋden otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋden ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋden ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdenna ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋden onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdenda ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋden odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋden ə̑l'e | soŋgə̑raŋden ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdenam ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋden omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdenat ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋden otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋden ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋden ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdenna ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋden onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdenda ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋden odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋden ulmaš | soŋgə̑raŋden ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋde | it soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑že | ə̑nže soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 1PL: | (soŋgə̑raŋdena) | (ona/ogə̑na soŋgə̑raŋde) |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑za | ida soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑št | ə̑nə̑št soŋgə̑raŋde |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nem | ə̑nem soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑net | ə̑net soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑neže | ə̑než soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nena | ə̑nena soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑neda | ə̑neda soŋgə̑raŋde |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nešt | ə̑nešt soŋgə̑raŋde |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt soŋgə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 3SG: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 3PL: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt soŋgə̑raŋde ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | soŋgə̑raŋdaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑man |
| Active participle: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑še |
| Passive participle: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | soŋgə̑raŋden |
| Negative gerund: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | soŋgə̑raŋdə̑də̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||